Solo Firecraft II & Orientation

[Nya Winters]

Timestamp: 30th of Fall, 516 AV

OOC: Continued from Firecraft I

"Two other methods? You mean besides magic? I know Reimancy can generate fire. I don't have the ability, but someday I will." Nya said, inadvertently revealing she knew a magical discipline. The Gods had gifted her with air reimancy though, for she was first and foremost Zulrav's child. She figured as she got better fire and water and earth would come later. Wind she knew and loved.

Randal crooked an eyebrow at her and smiled. "Indeed. There are a great many ways to create fire. I'm just going to show you the two practical ones besides using your flint and steel. You won't always have those tools. But by teaching you these two techniques you will have the ability to create fire anywhere so long as you can come up with the right tools." Randal said, glancing over the sorted piles of driftwood and pulling out some select pieces.

Nya watched him carefully. She had no idea how to create fire if it wasn't with flint and steel or power. But she trusted the man and knew that he knew a great deal of skills.

"First and foremost. Find dry wood. I'm going to teach you how to create a Fire-Plow." Randal indicated, showing her the size and shape of wood she'd need. "You can create fire with friction. That's heat. Blowing gently on it will give it air to breath.. and eventually it will spark. Friction is how the fire gets ignited. You basically rub a hardwood shaft against a softwood base. I talked about it briefly before but I haven't actually taught you the differences between hard and soft wood, so lets go over it quickly." Nya wanted to yawn.

Wood types? Seriously? The Kelvic didn't want to learn botany, but Randal loved throwing in random science into his teachings. She could definitely see one of his lessons about ready to crash her upside the head.

He continued, his voice excited, as if he loved what he was about to share with her. "Labeling wood as either a hardwood or softwood is a lot more complicated than its physical hardness. What it really consists of is the woods actual physical structure and the type of tree it comes from. It's really dumbing it down to think of hardwoods as being hard and durable compared to soft and workable softwoods. That is, however, the 'more than likely' scenario. However, there are exceptions in every general rule. For example, Yew is a softwood, but its wood is considered harder than most. And Balsa trees, a hardwood, has wood so soft you can dent its structure with your fingernail just giving the lightest pressure to its surface." Randal said, chuckling at Nya's bored expression. He'd grab her attention sooner or later. He just had to be patient.

"Okay so Hardwood comes from flowering trees such as oak, maple, or walnut. Softwood comes from everygreen trees, usually conifers, like pine or spruce. We have a lot of hardwoods here in Syka. Its sought after and rare in the world. Most of the softwood we get comes in the form of bamboo. The denser a wood is, the harder, stronger, and more durable it is. Most hardwoods have a higher density than most softwoods, though like I said its not always the case." He added, hoping she was following the lesson.

Nya nodded. She understood. "So back in Syliras there was mostly softwoods. Big hardwoods like the tropical trees we have here just didn't exist." Randal nodded as she proved she did indeed understand.

"The fire-plow is easy to make." Randal pulled out two pieces of wood, one a long flat base, and one a sturdy stick. He then took a small hatchet to the base to nibble out a groove in its otherwise smooth plane. "To create a fire-plow, you need two pieces of wood... a long 'base' stye softwood that you cut a straight groove in the base of. Use a knife or hatchet and plow the blunt tip of the hardwood shaft up and down the groove once its cut. You rub a hardwood shaft against a softer wood base in a rapid repeating method. The plowing action of the shaft pushes out small particles of wood fibers that look like hair or shavings. Then, as you apply more pressure on each stroke, the friction ignites the wood particles and you get your spark." He said, demonstrating then handing both pieces to her.

Nya turned them over in her hands then laid out the plank of softwood. She took the hardwood stick in her hand and began stroking it hard into the grove. She thought it reminded her of when she'd seen women grinding corn into flour. The kelvic kept up her stroking until the wood started giving off sparks.

Nya laughed. "Do you just aim it at a pile of tinder until the tinder lights and go from there? Like build the fire like normal?" Randal nodded, grinning, and gestured that she could stop plowing and set the two pieces of wood aside.

"Okay, what's the other way?" She asked, curious, because she saw he had other things gathered at their fire building site as well.

[Nya Winters]

As she waited for him to answer, Nya had to wonder why Randal was helping her so much. He was one of the Syka Founders. His future investments were here in this settlement and taking time out to teach a kelvic some of the things he was teaching her seemed off kilter. He built things. He taught. He seemed to genuinely love the jungle. And he told her once that she was of that very same jungle whether she knew it or not.

Was she? Being Talderian, Nya never felt like she fit in. Things here were scaled far larger than Syliras where she'd been born and raised. And so she fit in better with the massive trees that grew in the interior. Climbing was no issue here. There was always something bigger than herself to climb safely. There was no real danger from predators here for her. It felt safe, comforting, and in a way more welcoming than even Lormar Tower had been. And walking on two or four legs here.... there was an acceptance from the settlement, as if they were far more relieved to have her around and on thier side than feral and looking for another meal.

Nya snapped her mind back to the present. Randal was contemplating more selections from their wood pile. He was talking too, and it took her a moment to catch up to what he said.

"I'm going to teach you about a bow and drill, Nya. To use them you need certain tools, one of which is a strip of leather. Cat gut works well, but so will any type of treated gutstring. I encourage the men and women here to always pull their hair back with long leather strings that they can use for other things in an emergency situation. This is one of them." Randal pulled a leather thong from the length of his hair that was holding it back out of his face. His locks had grown long since they'd all settled here last year. He showed her the string and Nya examined it carefully. It looked sturdy, normal, and perhaps something one would lace a boot with.

"Would lacings work in a pinch? Like from a boot or perhaps a decoration on a bag?" Her instructor nodded. "Any sort, even tough seasoned sea grass braided together would work. It just has to be strong enough to spin a drill." He said, mentioning unfamiliar terms. Then he back tracked a little and showed her the wood he had in a small pile before him.

"The method of starting a fire using a bow and drill is simple but you need a few tools. This effect won't fail you time and time again... you'll get fire, but to do so you must be incredibly persistent and use the following things." Randal said, nudging the pile of items with a toe. He reached down and picked up the first item in the wood pile and to her surprise it was a long flat palm sized stone.

"First you need a Socket. The socket is an easily grasped stone or piece of hardwood or bone with a slight depression in one side. Tuck it in the palm of your hand depression side down. It protects your hand from the spinning drill as it to holds the drill in place upright. You need to apply downward pressure to do so." The builder said, cupping the stone in his left hand as if he was concealing a weapon.

Nya didn't quite understand. She remained quiet though, hopeful that all of Randal's explanation would make sense once he showed her the whole thing complete.

Randal continued, his eyes on Nya as if he sensed her confusion. He was confident though after every piece was explained she'd understand.

"The next item is the Drill. The drill absolutely needs to be a straight, seasoned hardwood stick about 1-2 inches in diameter and a foot long. The top end is round and the low end blunt. This helps add friction." He pulled the stick from the small pile and showed it to her... then set it aside for a moment.

Nya was very confused now. Stick? Stone? What next?

Her instructor didn't seem too worried and continued his explanation even though Nya was wearing a puzzled almost confused expression.

"Another item you need a Fire board. Its size really isn't important so long as it suits your needs. This one is a seasoned softwood board about 3 thick and 5 inches wide. Cut a depression about an inch from the edge on one side of the board. On the underside, make a V-shaped cut from the edge of the board to the depression until it looks like this. Use a big knife, hatchet, anything sharp." He said, taking another uncut board almost identical to the first that already had cuts in them and quickly used his hand axe to fix up the second board so it looked like the first.

Nya nodded, this she understood and could follow. So far everything was simple Randal was showing her. They were easy tools to make, but she still didn't understand how to use them.

"And finally you need a Bow. The bow needs to be a strong fresh green stick about 1-1.5 inches in diameter and a that string we talked about. The type of wood is not important. The bowstring can be any type of cordage, though leather is the best. You tie the bowstring from one end of the bow to the other, without any slack, so that the green wood bends slightly like an actual real bow." He said, as he laid out the fireboard, placed the drill in it, hooked the catgut onto the bow, and then wrapped the bowstring in a half twist around the drill before holding the bow in his right hand. He then tucked the socket stone up into the palm of his hand, notched the drill in it, and held the drill down on the fireboard.

Nya watched curiously. Were they somehow going to fire the bow and create a campfire? There were so many parts and pieces to this technique she was starting to doubt she'd use this one let alone remember. Four.. no five? Randal was a patient teacher but she was unsure of what all the parts meant.

"So how does it all come together?" She asked, tilting her head and staring at his amassed tools trying to visualize it for herself. She couldn't. What did a bow, like Abashai used, have to do with creating fire? It was all but baffling.

[Nya Winters]

Her undaunted trainer explained while he worked. "To use the bow and drill, first prepare the fire lay like I taught you. Go heavy on the tinder. Then place a separate bundle of tinder under the V-shaped cut in the fire board. As you work it, this is the tinder that will be ignited... the tinder you need to be able to quickly move to the tinder pile in your fire lay. So choose wisely and have enough of it you can quickly grasp an unburning piece of it and move it before the whole tinder bundle ignites." Randal advised, knowing from experience it just wasn't enough to get the tinder burning. You had to safely move it as well.

Randal shifted so he was sitting so his foot could brace the board. "Place one foot on the fire board like this to keep it from moving. Then loop the bowstring over the drill, give it a half twist, and settle the drill in depression on the fire board. Place the socket, held in one hand, on the top of the drill to hold it in position. Remember, this is important. Protect your hand. Use downward pressure on the drill and saw the bow back and forth to twirl the drill. All of it should look just like this." He added, settling in to what felt like a very familiar position to Nya.

"Once you have it all set up so you can saw the bow in a smooth motion, apply more downward pressure and work the bow faster. More pressure. Faster bow. More pressure. Faster bow. This action will grind one piece of wood into another, cause friction that causes heat and thus spark, and the tinder will ignite. Blowing softly and gently on the tinder as you saw at the drill will cause it to light even faster. If you do everything right, with patience, you should have fire." He said confidently as he set the tools up as they should, which was far easier than it had sounded in his explanation. Randal demonstrated this for a few moments and then moved everything in front of Nya, including the tinder pile,and let her try.

Nya was graceful, but the fire bow was awkward. She braced the fire board like Randal had shown her, held the socket in her hand, placed the string around the drill like he'd shown as well. Then she held the drill firmly down, making sure the tinder was in place, and began sawing on the drill. It was a lot more difficult than it looked. The kelvic could appreciate Randal's ease with it having been something he'd learned from an early age and something he'd spent years doing it. Eye hand coordination was the key. And sawing on the drill wasn't easy. You just didn't bow a few times and the tinder lit, that was for certain. You bowed until you felt your arm was going to fall off then you kept bowing as your trainer oversaw and urged you to bow faster.

Nya groaned as her arms burned from pressing down and spinning the drill by sawing the bow. She saw the wood of the drill blacken the fire board and create little puffs of smoke as the wood seemingly went from normal and natural to charcoal little powder in the bottom. Randal reached over as she was bowing and adjusted her tinder, tucking it up closer to the drill, pressing it in. Then he urged her to blow without slowing the twirling drill.

Nya leaned over it, bracing the fire board with a knee instead of her foot and got her face down near her hands to gently blow on the tinder pile.

Sweat formed between her shoulder blades. She could feel it trickle down her spine as she kept the drill spinning. Her arms cried out with disapproval from the abuse as she panted, blowing on the tinder between gulps of air.

It felt like bells passed, but Nya imagined how important the fire would be if she was freezing, exhausted, or needed to defend herself. Sheer determination kept her going as she sawed on the drill and blew on the tinder. And just when she was about to give up since Randal after all hadn't actually made fire with one, a small stream of smoke trickled out of the tinder and with another gentle blow she got the tinder lit.

Tossing the bow, socket and drill aside, she carefully sat up straighter, reached down, and gently moved the burning tinder over to the actual tinder pile under her fire lay. Randal had been right. If she hadn't of had that big pile of tinder, there would have been no unburned section of it to help move it over. She'd have had to use tongues or something improvised like a couple of sticks to gently shift the burning bundle.

"It works!" She crowed as the main pile of firewood, set in a pyramid shape, lit from within and caught into a decent campfire. "It really does! Though my arm feels like its going to fall off!" She added, laughing to herself and at Randal. She eyed his forearms and noticed their muscle. She had some, but after her prison stay in Ravok and her slow recovery on the boarder of Taldera, she wasn't as well put together as she should have been. Syka was helping. Being with Abashai was as well. She'd filled out, gained muscle, and looked almost golden in the healthy sunshine. Dark towers and dank cities had done her no good.

And with Randal's careful teachings, she'd hopefully never have to venture back into one again. It mattered less in this life about her past ones. She still had goals... finding Aressa Tallshade's artifacts... her artifacts. But she wanted no part of living among masses of people again. People weren't good for her. The wilderness was. And the smile she offered Randal was proof enough of that.

"Knowing firecraft changes things. It really does. It is a true power, like magic. I never realized it before... but the people that don't know how to live in their world... are blind and weak in ways they don't even realize. Thank you for teaching me this, Randal." Nya said, grateful beyond belief and hoping that her gratitude and the sense of liberation it offered to her shone in her eyes.

[Nya Winters]

Nya watched her fire burn happily. She turned shining eyes on Randal who nodded his approval. "Very good fire." Nya glowed under the praise. She glanced at Randal again and thought a lot about her situation. She was glad Abashai had brought her here, even if it was on the context of finding the Pearl. Syka was slowly healing her. The people here were a balm on her damaged soul. Randals' teachings were empowering. With each new thing she learned, the stronger she felt, the more independent. It wasn't an unwelcome feeling, just a foreign one.

"I have a few last words to say about fire, Nya." Randal piped up then, seeming to be searching his thoughts for some last minute tips. "And then I want to talk about orientation. Fires often don't smoke if they are burning seasoned wood. But the scent can carry for miles. So if I were you, I'd do my best to use non-aromatic seasoned hardwood for fuel. It will draw less attention to you. You can also add insect repellent to your fires. That will keep the bugs away. Witch Hazel shrub, Andiroba, Copaiba, Cymbopogon, Lemongrass, Rosemary, and Geranium Oil are all natural insect repellents. Just add the wood or green leafy parts into your fire and it will chase the bugs off." He said, ticking that tip off his list.

Nya nodded, making mental notes. Some of these plants he'd already shown her and she knew that Jonathan made Citronella candles from Cymbopogon itself. Burning the candles drove the insects in the settlement away so she knew Randal's information was good too.

"As you wander the rainforest along the same paths, collect your kindling and tinder along the way too. Any fallen wood should be cleaned up. That way you are keeping your safe trails and clear of debris and having a steady supply of source for your firewood too." Randal included this advice knowing that Nya probably realized it already. A lot of his teaching was common sense.

He paused and opened his canteen, drank a bit because his throat was dry, then continued with what Nya had come to think of as his 'lesson wrap up advice'. "Once you get a fire started, say it rains or you have to collect more wood but the wood is wet. Dry damp firewood near the fire... so you can pre-dry it as needed. You can even take two metal bars, if you can find them, and drive them into the edge of your fire leaning down towards the center and up and away from the fire. These create a brace and you can then stack firewood up the pipe and as the pieces in the fire burn, the wood will naturally slide down feeding the fire automatically all night." He said, demonstrating on a smaller scale with two sticks. One of them, she noted, was her tough bow. It made Nya slightly nervous that Randal seemed not to feel he needed it any longer. "The longer the metal the better. And when you aren't using them for self-feeding fire braces, you can use them for walking sticks or fighting sticks in the jungle." He added, smiling.

Then he switched topics a bit. "Bank the fire to keep the coals alive overnight or during the day when you don't' need the fire. Banking is simple. To bank a fire means to build a wall around the fire out of rocks or other materials, or to build the fire next to a rock or dirt wall such that it blocks the wind. If the coals from the fire are protected well enough, there usually will be enough heat in them to easily start a fresh fire when you want one as long as not too much time has passed." Randal explained.

He thought for a moment more and then added... "Carry lighted punk, when possible. Punks are just normally sticks that have been burned to charcoal and will be able to be lit with fire and survive a long time. You can also make punks like you make incense with tree resin that burns slowly and without much heat but will still light a fire. You just take resin from a tree... any sort of pile or some of the hardwood gum trees will do.. and coat a stick with it." Randal advised. Nya nodded, having used Resin to make torches before and understanding that a punk was in essence a small torch.

Nya laughed. "Is that it? I thought you were almost done." She admonished, tilting her head as Randal seemingly kept finding things to point out about Firecraft.

Randal laughed. "I'm almost done. One last very important thing. Be sure the fire is out before leaving camp. And if you are on the move, make sure you leave no trace of a fire ever having been there, let alone a camp. Best way to do this is to carry a portable shovel with you and cut out the sod or loam from the forest floor where you build a fire and once the fire is out replace the sod or loam and make it look like nothing was there. You'll be safer, Nya, especially if bad things are after you... especially bad people." Randal added.

Nya wondered why he said that and what would make him think she'd be chased. The Kelvic tilted her head and started to ask, then hesitated... her eyes meeting his a moment.

The question was in her gaze but not on her lips and he shook his head. When she said nothing he oddly felt the need to fill the silence that was suddenly starkly between them.

"Your pale skin. Your lack of muscle tone. You have scars on your wrists from manacles and you have a haunted look in your eyes sometimes. I noticed, Nya. Others have seen it too. You've been hurt before and are on the run most likely. Are they still looking for you? Would your presence here endanger the settlement?" The last he said seemed to surprise even himself.

Nya lost all expression to her face, blanking out her features for a moment as she let his words soak over her. She never talked about the past. She never even talked about the future. The Kelvic lived in the now, and it was one of her strongest survival mechanisms.

Forest green eyes met his solid gaze for a long time before she spoke. Nya had no idea she was ready to talk about anything, let alone tell him what she'd been through. "I am a child of Zulrav. Twice marked by him. My Lord has no love lost form Rhysol and I once tore down one of his new temples outside of Syliras. I was hunted for it and later imprisoned. They caught me with drugs that weakened me, forcing me to change over and over again, until I was prone with exhaustion. Then I was taken to an institute to be studied. I lived there almost a year, jailed near Abashai. He was my husband and bondmate. They broke our spirit and he broke our bonds. I was sold as a pet, broken, and taken away. He was turned into a weapon for Rhysol though he serves Yahal. We managed to escape separately. He... he found me several seasons ago... hiding in the ruins of a tower letting life pass me by. I was no longer of interest to the Ebonstryfe. He was no longer of interest to the Black Sun. We had to figure out individually if we had any interest in living any longer. He brought us here to heal. I think we are doing that.. slowly. It is not easy, but I think, Randal, that I am a bigger asset to Syka than I am a liability. I can lure the storms and trap them. You need a Stormwarden here more than you should fear having a runaway slave of the Ebonstryfe." She said softly, honestly, hoping he'd believe her.

He did and he nodded slowly, understandingly. "I just had to ask. I hope you understand why, Nya. And I believe you... I believe you are more good than bad in a lot of ways." Nya nodded, grateful for his simple words, knowing she'd have a lot to live up too in order to make sure he was speaking the truth.

He smiled, shook his head slightly, and switched mental gears. "Ready for Orientation?" He asked, knowing they were now going to talk about things Nya might have never ever heard of.

[Nya Winters]

Truth be told Nya was still trying to figure out why she wasn't feeling uncomfortable with Randal asking her such things. She didn't like to talk about herself on purpose and she certainly didn't like the direct questions. But for some reason it seemed okay coming from him. It was as if she sensed his heart was in the right place, putting the new settlement before any one individuals needs.

And above that it felt like he believed her. There was no concern in his eyes after what she'd told him. In fact she'd felt almost relieved it was out there now. The Founders knew. She was an escaped slave from Ravok. She wasn't born into slavery, but fate had sold her off to it anyhow. And at least one of them didn't seem to care. That was good right? It was, she told herself. She felt lighter, freer, if that was even possible. Here, in Syka, Rhysol's hand didn't reach so far. And if it ever did, Abashai would sense it because he too was marked by the chaos lord.

In Nya's eyes, Abashai's shame protected them all, even if the Yahal Follower didn't realize it.

"Memories haunt me sometimes. I ... I try to push them away and move forward, but it is not often easy. Not always. It is why sometimes the gatherings at the beach and the lightness of mood bothers me. I... can't always face it and turn away. It is not that I am anti-social. It is just that I have long forgotten how to be so free of care. Each day... it gets a little easier. But... for all that it is not easy. Not really." She added, not meeting the Founder's gaze but instead turning her head to look out to sea.

"Abashai and I used to be married. We used to be bondmates. Ravok broke us. Ravok even broke our bonds and our oaths. We came here together to heal. To be away from it. Maybe we can make those bonds and oaths again. Maybe it is too late. But regardless we are together, at least for a while. And even if we do not entirely heal, being alive... even brokenly alive... is better than no life at all." The Kelvic said softly, a breeze almost stealing her words. The breezes played with her hair and whispered things to her though she was too polite to reply to them in Randal's company. He was not a child of Zulrav. He would not understand.

Finally, after an eternity, she looked back at him. "Fire... I've learned a lot and thank you. But you said there was more... Orientation. I don't even know what that is." She said, wondering how it aligned with Wilderness Survival and what it actually meant.

Randal had been quiet while the Kelvic spoke. His dark eyes searched her features and he seemed to be buried deeply in his own thoughts as well. "I wanted to help you find your way around if you got lost, Nya. I know you rely on your sense of smell and your vision a great deal, but knowing how to figure out where you are in relation to where you want to go is important. Fire will keep you warm and in some cases fed, but if you know orientation, you can navigate as well. And that's important." The man said. He was quite the teacher but more than that he was quite a thinker. Nya wondered if Abashai had gotten to spend any time with Randal and how he liked the man. They were not so different. Abashai was a thinker too.

"In a survival situation, Nya, you can almost guarantee you will never be equipped with a map and compass. To have them you'd have to be extremely lucky or extremely well trained. I'm trying to do that for you now, to the best of my ability, but I want to teach you the worse case scenario so you can survive and hopefully keep yourself in the habit of being in the best case scenario." Randal began, gently easing her into the new topic. The fire between them blazed, even in the chill morning before the true heat of day hit.

Nya stared at it a moment. The Wilds. Wildland survival. It was so much easier than city survival. If Randal even knew...

"You need to get a map, Nya, of the Maw at least. If you can't get one, make one. And though they are expensive, you'll need a compass as well. We can probably make a decent one before you have to spend the coin to get one. I know if you get one through Jonathan or even the Mercantile it will cost a couple of hundred mizas. We need to get you eventually proficient at map reading and using a compass. I have one we can learn from until you can buy or make your own. Here, you have a lot of valuable skills, namely your size, that will help you buy such things. Dragging logs for people for a few coin here and there should pay enough to get you a compass and enough coin for a decent survival pack. We'll make one up at the end of these lessons. I don't want to do it too soon. I want you to be able to survive worse case, like I said, before you rely on best case... like a survival kit and compass or even a map." He added, needing her to understand why he did what he did. There were steps... and if he taught her to run before she could walk in terms of wilderness survival, she'd do nothing but fall.

Nya nodded. She did really follow what Randal was saying. She didn't want crutches either. Kits, packs, gear... it weighed a Kelvic down. She wanted to be able to rely on herself and herself alone. She wanted to be skilled enough to save her own life and maybe the lives of other people she cared about.

"Okay. So how do we do this? Orientation you said. What it is?" She asked, conveying to Randal that she indeed knew absolutely NOTHING about how to get to point A from point B without a road.

"Orientation is basically the ability to determine your position in reference to a known point. Obviously, to do this, you will first need to know where you want to go and where you are at that moment. If you don't know either of these two things, and you are lost, knowing how to figure out where you are and where you need to go in regards to your relative position is vital. That's why this is a big part of Wilderness Survival. Staying in one place often means getting killed. Its less dangerous, many many times, to move than it is to remain where you are. And you want to tilt the odds in your favor by getting an idea which way to go." The man said, his eyes darkening with emotion for a moment as if he recalled something unpleasant.

Nya wanted to ask, but she knew it was prying. Randal would volunteer things if he needed her to know. If he didn't need her to know, he wouldn't welcome the intrusion and diversion from the lesson.

"Basic orientation can be carried out through three ways. You can use Astronomy... the sun and moons positions. You can use instruments like what we talked about... the compass. And finally there are all sorts of natural means you can use. Lets start by the most obvious means. Astronomy." The Founder said, leaning back and stretching his legs.

Nya had heard the term before. When Abashai and her had camped out, they'd often stared at the stars and even talked about them to each other. One could navigate by them? Nya felt surprised by this. They were always moving weren't they? Seasonally? Even sometimes daily if one counted the moon as a great big star. Nya didn't know if the glowing Celestial body of Syna counted as a star either. She hoped Randal would elaborate.

OOC: Continued in Wilderness Survival: Orientation And Moving Around Safely.

[Nya Winters]

Grading

Wilderness Survival 5
Deduction 1
Botany 2
Body Building 1
Psychology 2
Land Navigation 2
WS: Creating a Fire Plow
WS: Creating a Bow And Drill
WS: Parts of a Bow and Drill
WS: What Orientation Is
WS: What Woods Repel Insects
WS: Importance of Maps
WS: How To Bank A Fire
WS: How To Put A Fire Out Completely
WS: How To Make, Use, And Carry a Lighted Punk
WS: How To Collect Wood
WS: How to use a bow and drill
Botany: What Softwood Is
Botany: What Hardwood Is